Category: Traditional Marketing

Loyalty Programs

Loyalty Programs: Building Customer Connections and Enhancing Business Success Introduction: Loyalty programs have become a cornerstone of modern business strategies, fostering lasting connections between brands and their customers. These programs aim to incentivize repeat business, reward customer loyalty, and ultimately contribute to a company’s long-term success. In this lesson, we’ll delve into the significance of…
Marketing Concepts and Principles

I. Introduction Marketing is a dynamic and integral part of business that involves understanding, creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers. In this lesson, we will explore the fundamental concepts and principles that form the basis of modern marketing practices. By the end of this lesson, you should have a solid understanding of the marketing…
SWOT Analysis

What is SWOT Analysis? SWOT analysis is one of the most popular tools used in marketing and business planning. It helps organisations understand where they are today, identify areas for improvement, and discover new opportunities for growth. The word SWOT stands for: Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats A SWOT analysis encourages businesses to look at…
What is Marketing? Marketing definitions.

There are many definitions of marketing. The better definitions are focused upon customer orientation and satisfaction of customer needs.
SMART Objectives

SMART objectives are simple and quick to learn. The objective is the starting point of the marketing plan. Once environmental analyses (such as SWOT, Five Forces Analysis, and PEST) and marketing audit have been conducted, their results will inform objectives. SMART objectives should seek to answer the question ‘Where do we want to go?’.
Marketing mix

What is the marketing mix? Overview The marketing mix is a fundamental concept in marketing that encompasses a set of tactical tools and strategies used by businesses to achieve their marketing objectives. The concept was introduced by Neil Borden in 1964 and popularized by E. Jerome McCarthy in the 1960s. The marketing mix comprises four…
Starbucks Marketing Mix

Jerry Baldwin, Zeff Siegl, and Gordon Bowker formed Starbucks in Seattle, Washington in 1971. Its origin is said to be inspired by another coffee lover and store Owner; Alfred Peet. Starbucks actually began by purchasing coffee from Peets, but eventually began buying directly from growers.
Sony Marketing Mix

Sony was founded in 1945 by partners Masaru Ibuka, (an engineer), and Akio Morita, (a physicist),and was originally named Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering). The firm was launched in Nihonbashi, Tokyo.
Ryanair Marketing Mix

Ryanair is the European low cost airline. Low cost or no frills marketing strategies are of great interest to marketers since the marketing mix employed tends to run in opposition to what makes a great brand – and Ryanair is a great brand and a very successful business. In a nutshell Ryanair sells the cheapest…
Pepsi Marketing Mix

In 1965 Herman W. Lay of the Frito-Lay Company and Donald Kendall of Pepsi-Cola formed PepsiCo. In 1986 operations were combined under PepsiCo Worldwide Foods and PepsiCo Worldwide Beverages. In 2001 PepsiCo merged with Quaker Oats to form a $25 billion company. PepsiCo restructured in 2007 dividing the company into three units’ food in the…
Kroger Marketing Mix

Kroger Store originated in 1883, established by Barney Kroger of Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1901, Kroger broke new ground that same year by becoming the first store to have its own bakery. The company was incorporated in 1902 as The Kroger Grocery and Baking Company
Johnson and Johnson Marketing Mix

Over the years Johnson & Johnson has grown substantially in part due to strategic acquisitions ranging from large ones such as Neutrogena in 1994 and DePuy in 1998, to many smaller ones. From 1989 to 1999, the company made 45 such acquisitions of companies and product lines. Today the firm can boast of revenues exceeding…
Nintendo Marketing Mix

The launch of the Wii U controller will make it much more interactive. It has a central, handheld touch screen and will show different media to supplement and enhance the experience on your TV. It has a High Definition (HD) platform. Reports indicated that it will be launched somewhere between June 2012 and September 2012,…
Ikea Marketing Mix

IKEA has a wide range of furniture for children’s rooms, kitchens, bedrooms and living rooms. Products include coffee tables, side tables, TV solutions, DVD storage, shelves, sideboards, bookcases, sofa beds, armchairs, leather sofas and fabric sofas, as well as many other products. So within these segments IKEA then subdivides again.
Home Depot Marketing Mix

Home Depot originated in Atlanta Georgia in 1978 when Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank formed MB Associates. The company went public in 1981.The Home Depot stock moved from NASDAQ to the New York Stock Exchange three years later in 1984. The company then acquired Bowater’s Home Center. The company opened its first super-sized store in…
Hewlett Packard Marketing Mix

The Hewlett-Packard Company was originated in January 1939 by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard, two Stanford University classmates. The company incorporated in 1947. Mr. Packard was appointed as the President and Mr. Hewlett as the Vice President.
General Electric Marketing Mix

General Electric originated in 1892 when Thomson-Houston Electric and Edison General Electric merged. Initially focusing on products such as toasters, motors and light bulbs, it is now a diversified company composed of media, financial services and technology divisions. These divisions provide business and consumer financing services, media content, as well as products such as aircraft…
Fox Entertainment Marketing Mix

The Filmed Entertainment segment is involved in the acquisition and production of animated motion pictures and live-action pictures for licensing and distribution primarily in the US, Canada and Europe. The segment also produces original television programs in Canada and the US. The company engages in productions of feature films and television shows.
Google Marketing Mix

Google is a search engine. Search engines are used to search the Internet. However Google is much more than a search engine – it’s a global company that specializes in innovation and technology. The business focuses on information made up mainly from web pages, although today all information is absorbed by the Google sponge including…
Facebook Marketing Mix

Facebook is a free social networking service. Once you have signed up you create your own profile and publish photographs. You can publish personal information such as your interests, your contact information and so on. Privacy has been a constant issue with Facebook and more recently users now have the ability to control their settings…
eBay Marketing Mix

Ebay began its business life as AuctionWeb and emphasized collectables. Originally the company was meant to be a marketplace for the sale of goods and services for individuals. The company’s founder was a computer programmer Pierre Omidyar. Its co-founder was Jeff Skoll.
Apple Marketing Mix

Apple, Inc originated from the friendship and mutual interests of Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs. The Two collaborated in the development of the “Apple I in the early 1970s. The Apple I was a step ahead of most computers of the time featuring a use of aTV as a display system and a cassette interface…
Burger King Marketing Mix

Based in Miami, Florida, Burger King is one of the worlds best known fast food restaurants (it is the second largest company in the world). The company’s 40,000 plus employees helped it earn over $190 million dollars in 2008. Its success is reflected in a 28.4 percent increase in net profits for FY 2008.
Dreamworks Marketing Mix

In 2008, DreamWorks Animation generated over $650 million through its development and production of computer generated animated films and TV specials. Operating out of Glendale, California, DreamWorks employs approximately 1,700 people.
Time Warner Marketing Mix

Time and Warner Communications began operations in the 1920s. Henry Luce and Britton Haddon founded Time in 1922. The first issue of Time Magazine appeared in 1923. Warner Brothers (Warner Bros) was incorporated by brothers Harry, Abe, Jack, and Sam Warner in the same year. Warner Bros went public in 1925. Time merged with Warner…
Yahoo Marketing Mix

Yahoo originated in 1994 as “Jerry’s Guide to the World Wide Web” (a directory of other websites). The name was then changed to Yahoo. The value of the directory created by David Yang and David Filo soon became apparent after receiving over 900,000 hits. The company held its initial public offering in 1996
What is a customer?

A customer is a person or company who purchases goods and services.
Three Levels of a Product

In order to actively explore the nature of a product further, lets consider it as three different products – the CORE product, the ACTUAL product, and finally the AUGMENTED product. These are known as the ‘Three Levels of a Product.’ So what is the difference between the three products, or more precisely ‘levels?’
Target

Targeting is the second stage of the SEGMENT target POSITION process. After the market has been separated into its segments, the marketer will select a segment or series of segments and ‘target’ it/them.
Promotion

Another one of the 4P’s is ‘promotion’. This includes all of the tools available to the marketer for ‘marketing communication’. As with Neil H.Borden’s marketing mix, marketing communications has its own ‘promotions mix.’
Pricing Strategies

There are many ways to price a product. Let’s have a look at some of them and try to understand the best policy/strategy in various situations.
Marketing Place

Place as part of the marketing mix is considered in this FREE lesson from Marketing Teacher.
PESTEL

PESTEL Model This lesson is about PESTEL analysis. As we know from our lesson on the marketing environment the wider macroenvironment impacts upon how marketing managers make decisions. During this lesson we’re going to look at how we audit and evaluate our external business environment. There are a number of acronyms which are popular for…
PEST Analysis

PEST analysis is very important that an organization considers its environment before beginning the marketing process. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and feed all aspects of planning.
Introduction to Marketing Research

This is Marketing Teacher’s introduction to marketing research. Market research and marketing research are often confused. ‘Market’ research is simply research into a specific market. It is a very narrow concept.
Secondary Marketing Research

Here you will find Marketing Teacher’s FREE lesson on secondary marketing research. Market research and marketing research are often confused. ‘Market’ research is simply research into a specific market. It is a very narrow concept.
Microenvironment

Microenvironment What is the microenvironment? This lesson covers the microenvironment in greater detail. It considers the interface between a business and its microenvironment. Let’s just review what microenvironment is again based upon the earlier lesson on the marketing environment which contains the topic. Our microenvironment is the totality of people and other connected groups of…
Primary Marketing Research

Market research and marketing research are often confused. ‘Market’ research is simply research into a specific market. It is a very narrow concept. ‘Marketing’ research is much broader. It not only includes ‘market’ research, but also areas such as research into new products, or modes of distribution such as via the Internet.
Marketing Contexts

The marketing mix and the services marketing mix should be adapted for different organizational and business contexts.
Marketing Environment

The marketing environment surrounds and impacts upon the organization. There are three key elements to the marketing environment which are the internal environment, the microenvironment and the macroenvironment.
Marketing Concept

Marketing Concept. The marketing concept holds that achieving organisational goals depends on knowing the needs and wants of target markets and delivering the desired satisfaction better than competitors do. Kotler and Armstrong (2010). The marketing concept arrived after a series of other orientations that marketing companies underwent during the 20th Century. Initially there was production…
Marketing Audit

The marketing audit is a fundamental part of the marketing planning process. It is conducted not only at the beginning of the process, but also at a series of points during the implementation of the plan. The marketing audit considers both internal and external influences on marketing planning, as well as a review of the…
External Influences – Social Environment and Social Class

Reference groups have an influence on purchasing behavior, but the level of influence will depend on where the product will be consumed—in public or in private—and whether the product is a want or a need.
External influences – Introduction

What a consumer eats, wears, and believes are all learned and influenced by the culture they live in, their family, childhood and social environment. All of these are external factors that affect purchases.
External Influences – Consumer Culture

Culture includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society. How does culture affect consumer behavior? Whatever a person consumes will determine their level of acceptance in their society. If someone does not act consistently with cultural expectations, they risk not being accepted in…
External Influences – Family Influences (Birth Order)

Where a child places in the birth order can have an effect on how they see themselves, and therefore affects their consumer behavior. The middle child often seems to have the most negative impressions of his lot in life. Younger children always want to be able to do the things older siblings are allowed to…
Decision Making Unit

The decision Making Unit (DMU) is a collection or team of individuals who participate in a buyer decision process. Generally DMU relates to business or organisational buying decisions rather than to those of a family for example.
Collecting customer information

Collecting customer information Collecting Information about customer needs. So we recognise that customers and consumers have needs and wants. We are now going to look at how we gather information about customer needs and want, since by satisfying these needs and wants is how we make profit. There are internal and external sources of information,…
Buyer Decision Process

Buyer Decision Process The stages of the Buyer Decision Process The buyer decision process represents a number of stages that the purchaser will go through before actually making the final purchase decision. The consumer buyer decision process and the business/organisational buyer decision process are similar to each other. Obviously core to this process is the…
Business Environment

Business Environment What is the business environment? The business environment is made up from the microenvironment and the macroenvironment. Our previous lessons on the marketing environment summarises both topics. The business environment will now be considered in a more practical manner. There are forces in the business environment that will impact your business, which are…
SWOT Analysis – POWER SWOT

SWOT analysis is a marketing audit that considers an organization’s strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats. Our introductory lesson gives you the basics of how to compete your SWOT as you begin to learn about marketing tools. As you learn more about SWOT analysis, you will become aware of a number of potential limitations with this…
Positioning in marketing

Products or services are ‘mapped’ together on a ‘positioning map’. This allows them to be compared and contrasted in relation to each other. This is the main strength of this tool. Marketers decide upon a competitive position which enables them to distinguish their own products from the offerings of their competition (hence the term ‘positioning…
Segmentation

Segmentation is essentially the identification of subsets of buyers within a market who share similar needs and who demonstrate similar buyer behavior.